Real Estate Investment Calculator

Cap rate (capitalization rate) measures a property's potential return based on NOI (Net Operating Income) divided by purchase price. A 6% cap rate means the property generates 6% of its value annually before mortgage. Higher cap rates indicate higher potential returns but often higher risk.

Cash-on-cash return measures annual cash flow divided by total cash invested (down payment + closing costs). It shows the actual return on your invested capital. A 10% cash-on-cash return means you earn $10,000 annually on a $100,000 investment.

The 1% rule is a quick screening tool: monthly rent should be at least 1% of purchase price. A $200,000 property should rent for $2,000+/month. Properties meeting this rule often cash flow well, but it's just a starting point for analysis.

DSCR measures ability to cover mortgage payments with NOI. DSCR = NOI ÷ Annual Mortgage Payment. Lenders typically require 1.2-1.25 minimum. A 1.25 DSCR means NOI is 25% higher than mortgage payments, providing a safety cushion.

Key expenses: Property taxes (varies by location), insurance (0.5-1% of value), maintenance/repairs (1-2% of value for reserves), property management (8-10% of rent if hired), vacancy (5-10% of rent), utilities (if included), and HOA fees if applicable.