Convert numbers to and from scientific notation. Perform arithmetic operations with scientific notation and engineering notation.
Scientific Notation
1.23457 × 10⁸
From 123,456,789
Scientific Notation
1.23457 × 10⁸
From 123,456,789
Quick-start with common scenarios
Test your skills with practice problems
Practice with 3 problems to test your understanding.
Scientific Notation
1.23457 × 10⁸
Engineering Notation
123.457 × 10⁶
E-Notation
1.23456789E8
6.5 × 10⁶ = 6.5000e+6
(a × 10ᵐ) × (b × 10ⁿ) = (a × b) × 10ᵐ⁺ⁿ
Multiply coefficients, add exponents
(a × 10ᵐ) ÷ (b × 10ⁿ) = (a ÷ b) × 10ᵐ⁻ⁿ
Divide coefficients, subtract exponents
Convert to same exponent first, then add/subtract coefficients
Coefficient must be ≥ 1 and < 10
| Prefix | Symbol | Power | Decimal |
|---|---|---|---|
| Tera | T | 10¹² | 1,000,000,000,000 |
| Giga | G | 10⁹ | 1,000,000,000 |
| Mega | M | 10⁶ | 1,000,000 |
| Kilo | k | 10³ | 1,000 |
| Base | - | 10⁰ | 1 |
| Milli | m | 10⁻³ | 0.001 |
| Micro | μ | 10⁻⁶ | 0.000001 |
| Nano | n | 10⁻⁹ | 0.000000001 |
| Pico | p | 10⁻¹² | 0.000000000001 |
Speed of Light
299,792,458 m/s
2.998 × 10⁸ m/s
Earth's Mass
5,972,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 kg
5.972 × 10²⁴ kg
Electron Mass
0.000000000000000000000000000000911 kg
9.11 × 10⁻³¹ kg
Avogadro's Number
602,214,076,000,000,000,000,000
6.022 × 10²³
Scientific notation expresses numbers as a x 10^n where 1 <= |a| < 10. Convert: move decimal until one digit before it, exponent = positions moved (right = negative, left = positive). Example: 4,500,000 = 4.5 x 10^6. For 0.00032 = 3.2 x 10^-4. Useful for very large or small numbers.
Scientific notation is a way of expressing numbers as a product of a coefficient (between 1 and 10) and a power of 10. It provides a compact way to write very large or very small numbers and simplifies calculations with such numbers. Scientific notation is standard in science, engineering, and technical fields.
Scientific notation expresses numbers as a x 10^n where 1 <= |a| < 10. Convert: move decimal until one digit before it, exponent = positions moved (right = negative, left = positive). Example: 4,500,000 = 4.5 x 10^6. For 0.00032 = 3.2 x 10^-4. Useful for very large or small numbers.
Scientific notation is a way of writing very large or very small numbers concisely. A number is expressed as a coefficient between 1 and 10 multiplied by a power of 10. For example, 6,500,000 becomes 6.5 × 10⁶ and 0.00032 becomes 3.2 × 10⁻⁴.
Move the decimal point until you have a number between 1 and 10. Count how many places you moved: right movement = negative exponent, left movement = positive exponent. Example: 0.00045 → move decimal 4 places right → 4.5 × 10⁻⁴.
Engineering notation is similar to scientific notation but uses exponents in multiples of 3 (... -6, -3, 0, 3, 6, 9 ...). This aligns with metric prefixes (kilo = 10³, mega = 10⁶, milli = 10⁻³, micro = 10⁻⁶) making it practical for engineering.
Multiply the coefficients and add the exponents. (a × 10ᵐ) × (b × 10ⁿ) = (a × b) × 10⁽ᵐ⁺ⁿ⁾. Then adjust if needed so coefficient is between 1 and 10. Example: (2 × 10³) × (3 × 10⁴) = 6 × 10⁷.
First convert both numbers to the same power of 10. Then add or subtract the coefficients. Keep the same exponent. Finally, adjust to proper scientific notation if needed. Example: 5×10³ + 3×10² = 5×10³ + 0.3×10³ = 5.3×10³.
Last updated: 2025-01-15
Explore similar calculators
Scientific Notation
1.23457 × 10⁸
From 123,456,789